?EVALUATION OF SHALLOW GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN URBA~ AREAS OF KARACHI (PAKISTAN)-INORGANIC NUTRIENTS AND BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION

Authors

  • Arif Zubair Institute of Human Settlements and Environment, Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Pakistan Karachi
  • Brian Rippey School of Environmental Studies, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, U'K.

Keywords:

Groundwater contamination, Inorganic nutrient, Faecal coliform

Abstract

 A total of 193 groundwater samples, collected from Karachi-urban areas, were analysed to determine the concentrations of
nitrate, nitrite, ammonia andbacterial densities (coliformand faecalcoliformbacteria). From nitrogen component view point
groundwater quality ofKarachi isacceptablefor humanconsumption. However.coliform bacteria were higherin 83% samples
than the WHO permissiblelimit.The inorganic nitrogen andbacteriologicalcontamination levels suggest that the groundwater
quality is mainly affected by wastewater.

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Published

2000-06-26

How to Cite

Zubair, A., & Rippey, B. (2000). ?EVALUATION OF SHALLOW GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN URBA~ AREAS OF KARACHI (PAKISTAN)-INORGANIC NUTRIENTS AND BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION. Biological Sciences - PJSIR, 43(4), 221–225. Retrieved from http://biostaging.pjsir.org/index.php/biological-sciences/article/view/2036

Issue

Vol. 43 No. 4 (2000): Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research

Section

Articles